Thursday, December 1, 2011



The way I view feminism—-and I know there are a lot of different things going on—-but, at it’s purest form, to me, it’s very positive, supportive, nurturing, empowerment thing. I mean, God, who isn’t a feminist? If you don’t think women are as good as men, you’re not a good person. I like to think that most of the population of people worth being friends with are feminists, if that’s what feminism means. Again—-it probably means something else. I’m gonna get someone angry, setting me on fire for this, but I think it’s a positive, beautiful, and good thing. Supporting women is the point. It’s the point of life. Women are life. You have to support us.-Kat Dennings (BUST Magazine)

Friday, November 18, 2011

Gender Roles in the Workplace

Over the past few decades, Americans have made great strides in accepting andadjusting to new definitions of gender roles. Part of the cause is the increased number of women in the workplace. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, white men (who once dominated the workplace) now account for about 45percent of all workers. White women and women of color make up 47 percent ofthe workplace. In 1995, 76 percent of women between the ages of 25 and 54 worked outside the home, up from 50 percent in 1970.
With the increased presence of women in the workplace, old attitudes and behaviors have had to change. Men and women are more aware of sexual harassment than previously; whereas 20 years ago a woman who refused to have an affair with her boss may have had to quit, she now has other options. Companies are now experimenting with policies that are family-friendly, such as flex time, job sharing, and on-site child care--policies that benefit both men and women.
In the nascently and experimentally egalitarian workplace, some men are concerned about being accused of sexual harassment, and they feel they must be extremely cautious in their everyday dealings with the women they work with; this caution may stifle creativity, some experts say. In addition, women still earn far less money than men do for the same work, even though their salariesare vital to maintaining their families' economic health.

                                                                                                                 Philita Johnson

Wednesday, November 16, 2011

male vs female



genderEveryday, we experience Gender. From our classrooms, to walking down the street. Gender in art is shown through everyday images like television, advertisements, magazines, and more. Gender has become a stereotype. Both Men and Women experience gender roles and the side effects every single day. Because of this, we have decided to discuss Gender and the way it relates to society today with the help of course readings and general experience.




i27m2bglad2b8bmp 
                                                                                             Philita Johnson

Tuesday, November 15, 2011

-An ad that our grandparents might have seen from 1942 (What boys can do v. girls to help win the war)




-A current ad campaign for the army

Monday, November 14, 2011

Religion and Gender Roles....some humor.

A man and his wife  were having an argument about who should brew the coffee.
 

The husband said, " You are in charge of the cooking around here so you should do it."
 

The wife replied, "No you should do it, and besides it is in the Bible that the man should do the coffee."
 

The husband replied, "Yeah, right!" So she showed him in the Bible where it says:  "HEBREWS"



TEN REASONS GOD CREATED EVE
10. God worried that Adam would always be lost in the garden because he knew men would never ask directions.
9. God knew that Adam would one day need someone to hand him the TV remote because men don't want to see what's on television, they want to see WHAT ELSE is on television.
8. God knew that Adam would never buy a new fig leaf when the seat wore out and therefore would need Eve to get one for him.
7. God knew that Adam would never make a doctors appointment for himself.
6. God knew that Adam would never remember which night was garbage night.
5. God knew that if the world was to be populated there would have to be someone to bear them, because men would never be able to handle it.
4. As "Keeper of the Garden" Adam would never remember where he put his tools.
3. The scripture account of creation indicates that Adam needed someone to blame his troubles on when God caught him hiding in the garden.
2. As the Bible says, "It is not good for man to be alone." He only ends up getting himself in trouble.
1. When God finished the creation of Adam, he stepped back, scratched his head and said, "I can do better than that."

Wednesday, November 9, 2011

"Confections" by Amy Stevens

The work of Amy Stevens is a reflection of the significant role cake has played in the lives of women.   She hand makes cakes, knowing that she cannot perfectly imitate Martha Stewart or fulfill the expectations set for her by society.
-Audi A.




See more of her work here.


Amy Stevens Confections Statement
"The Confections series began as a response to turning 30. It was a celebration of birthdays, color, pattern and obsessive absurdity. My original idea was to bake 30 birthday cakes for myself and photograph them. I didn’t quite make it to 30 cakes in time for my first show, but I sure got a lot of ideas from those first cakes.  I ordered a kit from Martha Stewart.com and watched an instructional video on decorating cakes. When I quickly discovered my cakes were never going to look like the ones in the video and the pamphlet, I decided they were better off in their exuberantly imperfect states.

Cakes are the centerpieces of celebrations and symbolic trophies evoking nostalgia and awe.  Historically, cake has played a significant role in women’s lives.  Women have used cake as both an outlet of creativity and a symbol of female power politics.  The woman who made the best cake held a certain power over the other women in the community, according to Sherrie Inness in Cooking Lessons: The Politics of Gender and Food.
In the ever-evolving constructions of these images over the past six years, I am commenting on cake as a rich cultural symbol as well as the domestic fantasy world of contemporary home decorating magazines and television shows. It’s a fantasy world where entertaining, cooking and decorating unite. It’s a place where one needs to have a beautiful home, decorated seasonally, in order to entertain friends with gourmet meals and elaborately concocted desserts.

My email subscription to Martha Stewart Craft of the Day has inspired much of the background props in the newer Confections (adorned) series.  Most everything in these backgrounds are also handmade, with the exception of found antiques and fabric." - Amy Stevens

Monday, November 7, 2011

"Women who seek to be equal with men lack ambition.”

-Timothy Leary


While his experiments with mind-bending drugs might be a bit suspect, O'Leary certainly offers us some food for thought with this quote.

- Tara W.

Friday, November 4, 2011

Gender Roles

Gender Roles

Gender roles are the roles that society assigns to men and women based on their gender. They especially influence relationships between men and women.

Gender roles have been changing in Western society in recent decades, and generally have become more flexible. However, traditional gender roles still have some influence.
For example, it used to be expected that men would experiment sexually before marriage, but that women would not. Women who went against this expectation were considered "loose" or "fallen" women, while men who went against the expectation were considered less than manly.
Years ago another expectation was that women were supposed to get married and stay home to raise a family. The man was expected to go out to work to support his family.

If the woman chose to have a career, she was considered "barren" or "lacking in maternal instinct", and her partner was often considered inadequate, as it was assumed he was not a "good provider".

                                                                                      -Philita J.

Thursday, November 3, 2011

"A mark of culture."


From the Milligan College Handbook for Girls, 1937-1938.
-Tara W.

"Congratulations, Television! You Are Even Worse At Masculinity Than Femininity"

photo: Art Streiber/CBS 
David Hornsby & Kevin Dillon in How To Be A Gentleman

In this article Linda Holmes of NPR discusses one example in which gender roles are not only affecting women-- men are also suffering.  She describes why she feels "more comfortable with what scripted television thinks being a woman means than...with what scripted television thinks being a man means."

http://www.npr.org/blogs/monkeysee/2011/09/29/140915714/congratulations-television-you-are-even-worse-at-masculinity-than-femininity?sc=fb&cc=fp

-Audi A.

Fashion and Gender


As we've progressed throughout the semester, I've developed a powerful fascination for the link between feminism and fashion. In the course of my own personal research, I've come to hold that the two aren't such totally separate, divided entities as many perceive them to be. The investigation began over summer, when I suddenly developed a hunger for high-fashion--and although I believe many fellow students within my COR 401 project would find such an interest distasteful, I stand by my newfound interest in the field. Admittedly, the perceived stereotypes of the fashion industry do occasionally prove to be true--more than once, I've turned to a feature spread in Vogue and found a supposedly 'enlightened' statement that I personally perceive as repulsive. But other times, I can say with full certainty that I truly believe fashion remains one of the most accessible, valuable ways in which we can empower women and teach them that they can be who they want to be regardless of what society deems normative. 


Consider the plethora of androgynous style icons of past and present: there's a reason why people cling to women such as Diane Keaton, the actress who rose to fame in Woody Allen's Annie Hall. In both the film and in real life, Keaton carries off a style heavily influenced by male fashions of the 40's and 50's--and in doing so, she offers up a totally separate way of being, dressing, existing that average women of her time might not have even considered possible. Such elevated status in the fashion world extends back to other similarly androgynous icons, such as Marlene Dietrich, and projects all the way to the present age--transsexual model Lea T recently shared the cover of LOVE magazine with supermodel Kate Moss, and walked several of the most prestigious designers' runways in the last season.

It goes back to the question of the chicken and the egg--which comes first? An alternative mindset, providing a different way of viewing the world, or a different way of presenting oneself to the world?

Now, I'd like to specify that I've read the articles and watched the documentaries; I've seen the way many seek to label the fashion industry as simply another means to another patriarchal end--the poses riddled with images of submission, of self-touching; the stances we assume to be feminine simply because they portray what we assume to be "weakness." But to write off the entire industry as submitting to patriarchal, sexist norms would be to overwrite one of the most accessible means of changing perspectives within a given society.

By teaching people to present themselves in a way that they perceive as natural and comfortable, we allow them to project parts of themselves that they might not otherwise be willing to share. For instance, I find myself to be a heterosexual, Christian, 21-year-old woman completely comfortable in her sexuality who detests dresses and, on the whole, refuses to wear them unless I personally deem the occasion as fitting (generally for costumes, I'll be honest). I've experienced my own fair share of scrutiny for such decisions, yet I widely recognize that my experiences pale in comparison to the persecution faced by thousands of others. For instance,  I'd love to invest myself into dialogue with a man who finds himself most comfortable in what our society deems to be 'feminine clothing,' such as a skirt or a dress. Why is it more socially acceptable that I may choose to dress in clothing that might have, a hundred years ago, been perceived solely as menswear, when other individuals do not find those same opportunities to be opened unto them?

The fashion industry is often portrayed as a shallow, soulless field, in which men and women's bodies and sexualities are sold as easily and as guiltlessly as any other exchange readily available for examination in modern society. However, I propose fashion to be one of the most readily accepting arenas for social change, as illustrated in its ready acceptance of homosexuals and transgendered persons, and believe it to be invaluably useful in modifying society's perceptions of gender as they currently stand.

--Tara W.

Tuesday, November 1, 2011

Little boys and Dolls

This article illustrates some of the stereotypes and gender biased thoughts that some people have in regards to children and their choice of toys. Take a look!

http://www.boston.com/community/moms/blogs/child_caring/2010/02/why_shouldnt_little_boys_play_with_dolls.html

Esquire cover

This bold photograph on the cover of Esquire from 1965 foreshadows the second wave of the feminist movement that was quickly rising. The related article is most likely somewhat dubious, however (I couldn't find a copy of it anywhere).  

NPR takes a look at where gender roles stand in modern society

"Could we be heading toward the end of gender?"

http://www.npr.org/2011/06/27/137342682/the-end-of-gender

The comments to the article also provide some interesting takes on the topic.

-Ben 

Thursday, October 27, 2011

Gender Roles Shaped by Family and the Church


A humorous comment on how gender roles can be shaped from an early age within the family and also within the Church.

-Audi A.

Tuesday, October 25, 2011

With More Equity, More Sweat

I came across this article and I wanted to share it with everyone. It talks about the workplace and how changing gender roles have affected love and marriage.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/national/longterm/gender/gender22a.htm


Kara S.

Identifying Our Assumptions - Ben Rieder

Although my parents weren’t exactly shoving gender roles down my throat throughout my early childhood, I still learned what the norms were almost inherently. The division between boys and girls is engrained in us not just by parents, but teachers, pastors, friends and the media. Obviously many misguided views of gender roles begin in the home, but gender cultivation is perhaps worst in schools and churches and further cemented by what we see in television and movies.

Many people ignore this and choose to pretend that there are no problems with gender roles. I believe this is changing in my generation, however. There was a time when the vast majority of our country agreed that women shouldn’t be allowed to vote. In retrospect this is unbelievable, but more so unbelievable to my generation than any other. As a generation that has grown up without the inequality our parents and grandparents had, we have the chance to make a real difference and ensure that future generations don’t have to experience the gender issues that we currently face today.

And though I do feel that we are headed towards a brighter tomorrow, we are far from there. Issues of African American’s rights became women’s rights and that became homosexual’s rights and that will become a struggle for someone else’s rights in the future. There is a cycle of inequality, but that cycle also shows that equality will happen. The best we can do is raise awareness, make invisible gender norms visible and treat people with respect.

Thursday, October 13, 2011

Identifying Our Assumptions - Audi Acree

My earliest memories include riding behind my sister on the three-wheeler and making mud pies in the dirt. I am not sure if the reason my older sister and I were encouraged to do things like ride ATVs and wander through the woods shooting BB guns at birds had to do with the small rural community in which we grew up, or if the fact that my dad had no sons who he could take fishing had something to do with it.

I was five when my parents divorced and my sister and I moved out with my mom. My dad took a new job where he traveled most of the time. Although we visited my dad occasionally, we spent most of our time with our mom. After the split, my sister who is eight years older than me remained interested in the activities introduced to us by our dad. I, however, rarely joined her. I preferred to stay inside and play with my Barbies or bake something with my mom. I remember my sister asking for a paintball gun for Christmas one year, and soon after that she got a four-wheeler as an eighth grade graduation present. I always asked for things like Easy Bake Ovens, dress up clothes, and dolls, and as I grew a little older I asked for clothes or the newest boy band CD.

Being the youngest, I was always the shy, more sensitive “mommy’s girl,” (which I still get teased for today) and my sister always seemed to be the independent one who wasn’t afraid to get into trouble. I have to wonder if this has to do with fact that my father was largely part of my sister’s life for thirteen years whereas he was essentially only in my life for five years. The fact that my sister became a power-lifter in her teenage years and never took any crap from boys might possibly have something to do with the influence of my father for much of her early life. She is now married, loves the outdoors, and is still one of the toughest women I know. As of recent, she does not want to have children. I, on the other hand, still cling to my mom, am told I am still quite timid, would much rather stay inside and bake a cake, and hope to someday have lots of babies.

There is an interesting contrast between my sister and I. It is difficult to determine exactly how this distinction came about. It could be the fact that she is the older sister and I am the youngest. It could be the personalities we have been given. It could be the difference in the presence of our father in our lives, or it could be a mixture of many things.

I am excited to hear the stories of other individuals and families, to learn how they were raised, and what factors may have contributed to the person they have become.

Identifying Our Assumptions - Philita Johnson

For many years, the world has had a conflict with “gender roles”. Gender roles are collections of factors which answer the question, “’how do I need to function so that society perceives me as belonging or not belonging to a specific gender? Some people would include appearance, sexual orientation, and methods of communication under the term, but I think it makes more sense to think in terms of things like jobs, economic roles, chores, hobbies, in other words, positions and actions specific to a given gender as defined by a culture.

Sexual appearance and sexual orientation is what distinguish a person the most. Sometimes these characteristics can come from a way people talk. For example, if a boy sounds like a girl when he speaks, people automatically assume that he is a girl. When a girl dresses in baggy jeans or sweats, people think that she is a dyke. Even in the business world, things can get hectic because in some businesses; men tend to make more money than women.

In the 50s, gender roles used to take place as they do today. Women were treated badly and they were not acquired to play a part in men roles as they do today. Women were not allowed to work or vote. Men were the ones who went to work while the women at to be stay at homes wives. They were required to take care of kids, cook, and clean. Basically they were the ones who kept everything in order at home.

When I was young, I was always taught that “girls wear pink and boys wear blue”. I was also taught that “girls play with dolls and boys play with trucks”. I never asked why, but I knew that there was a reason for being raised that way. I guess people just used it as a way to distinguish boy----girl gender. I think that gender roles should be ceased in today’s generation. They are not as bad as they were back then, but I still think that there should be some sort of guidance as to when and where gender roles should end. It was a depressing way of how the roles existed back then for the women because they were the ones working hard at home day and night. The world would be so much better and we would have a totally different outcome of the way we perceive the world to be in our generation.

Identifying Our Assumptions - Derek Howard

What is gender? How do I stand at the vanguard of change while retaining my identity? These are questions that I ask myself as we embark on this endeavor. I think that often times we as a people try and view gender roles as a thing of the past. We want to believe that we are a changed people and that gender profiling and stereotypes are a thing of the past. As an early childhood educator I am in the unique position of being a man in a profession dominated by women. This is the opposite of what many individuals conjure up when they think of gender roles in society and over time. Sure, once upon a time men were predominant in grade-level instruction, but in the young formative years it has always been women acting as that first guide into instruction. I have spoken to many teachers over the years and have received mixed feeling on the subject.

As a man, I am looked at with praise and with suspicion. For every five
individuals that praise me for my desire to work with small children, there is one that seems to believe that I have more unsavory motives. This whole process has got me thinking however, about why it is such a dynamic emotional feeling for a man to be a teacher, when women have been doing amazing things in classroom for generations. I admit to wanting to do my best, but I, at this point, am nothing extra special. What bothers me is that gender roles have been so solidified that we praise one gender for doing something that another gender has successfully managed for years. If we are to ever reach equality then we must lend a helping hand to those that need to be pulled up from obscurity as well as down form pedestals.

Identifying Our Assumptions - Kara Shimer

When we were assigned this project for COR 401, I was unsure how we would tackle this project. There are so many different areas of how gender roles have dramatically changed over the years. For example, women used to stay home to cook, clean and care for the children while, the men were the breadwinners of the family. Today, there are some women who are the breadwinners in the family, while the men stay home to cook, clean and take care of the children.  

I was talking to a friend of my family about this topic and she did not have a lot of good things to say. She took a different approach to gender roles than what I had in mind when we were assigned this project. For example, for her, it is really hard to see the change in gender roles because she grew up in a “normal” culture where the internet and TV did not display derogatory things, like it does today. She said, she feels sorry for our generation because we have to grow up in this society of sex, drugs, alcohol abuse, woman being portrayed as sex symbols, etc that is all normal to us, but not so much to her. She mentioned that she wishes that children could grow up like she did, where the internet and TV did not display those kinds of things and where all the TV shows were like the Brady Bunch or the Little House on the Prairie. Today, gender roles are a big culture shock to her and it is taking time for her to adjust to it.
    
We are taking our project at a different approach on how gender roles have changed over the years. We will be gathering data by completing multigenerational interviews and research to determine how gender roles have changed.  I am anxious to hear everyone’s interviews and the opinions of others on gender roles.

Identifying Our Assumptions - Tara Wepking

I grew up in a home where little girls were expected to have their long curly hair tied up in a ponytail with a pretty pink bow clipped up to the top—where piano lessons were a must, not a maybe. Where dresses came with at least a foot of flounces and the sinking knowledge that if I got grass stains on the hems, there’d be trouble. I didn’t do well with this ideology—as soon as I could convince my mother to let me, I cut my hair into a short little bob and brushed the curls straight out. I started dressing myself in first grade and developed an odd sort of affection for brown stripes and sandals with socks, although in retrospect, I’d like to think that was more decided by my school’s dress code than any sort of defect in my personal style. But why did I feel the need to change in the first place?

I grew up in the age of Girl Power, but what did that really mean? I was too young to pick on the actual power lurking there. I had no knowledge of the riot grrl bands in the early 90’s; I was too young to know about any of the real feminist movements going on behind the scenes. Instead, I got the Spice Girls, and all of a sudden, girl power meant vinyl short shorts and platform thigh highs, and was this what we wanted? It certainly was when I was seven, pretending to be Posh Spice and lip-syncing on the playground (although in retrospect, Scary was totally the coolest one). I don’t exactly recall the first time I realized there was a problem—the first time I noticed that boys and girls were treated differently in some ways, but I remember a lot of bitterness towards the end of my seventh grade year, when my classmates Grant and Zach got to introduce the firemen to chapel and not me. When the boys got to watch the eighth grade viper eat the rabbit. Not that I particularly wanted to watch that rabbit die, but it would’ve been nice to be invited.

By the time I was sixteen, I was more aware of my surroundings. I’d started to read a little on my own, and I started dressing in black, as all great thinkers do. My best friend was a feminist going to protests on the weekends; I was thinking thoughts just to make my parents mad, and I felt like I was doing something. But as we begin to enter into this project, examining the intergenerational effects of gender, I’m forced to take a step back and ask myself—is this compulsion for change born anew in every generation?

My mother has a whole slew of photos at that age where we look as if we could be twins. Long dark hair, a sullen look, a slump to our shoulders as if the weight of the world was about to bring us to our knees, and black converse because… well, what other shoes do the rebel girls wear at sixteen? My grandmother looks at those photos and shudders, yet I specifically remember my great-grandmother looking just as exasperated when talking about the habits of her daughters throughout those years.

What it comes down to is this: some patterns of behavior are bound to repeat themselves. Although we might have a deep-seated respect and patience for the knowledge and experiences of our parents and grandparents, as young adults preparing to enter the “real world,” the six of us are entering into this project not just thinking we’re smarter, better, and generally more advanced than previous generations, but knowing we are—regardless of whether that fact is actually true or not. However, our goal here in this project is to trace just this kind of progression through generations of a family.

Viola, my great-grandmother, married at sixteen and had my grandmother, her first child of five, at seventeen. She remained married to that man for the rest of her life.
Betty, my grandmother, married at twenty-one and had her first child of three at twenty-two. She divorced her husband at thirty and remarried later in life.
Diane, my mother, married at twenty-seven and had me, her only child, at thirty-three.

How do these people and their individual experiences affect me? Do these cycles repeat throughout other families? Do the same patterns come up time and again?

I’m not sure, but I’m looking forward to finding out.